Start by slicing the cucumbers. If you want pickle spears, cut the cucumbers lengthwise (about 4 slices per pickle). For pickle chips, slice them into rounds.
Divide the cucumbers evenly between four 16-ounce jars or two 1-quart jars. Divide the garlic, mustard seeds, black peppercorns, and dill between each jar.
Combine the water, vinegar, sugar, and salt in a saucepan over medium heat. Stir until the sugar and salt dissolve. Remove from heat and let the brine cool for about 10 minutes. Pour the brine over the cucumbers, making sure they're fully submerged. Let the jars cool to room temperature, then cover them and store them in the refrigerator for several weeks. The cucumbers should be ready to eat after the first day.